Nuclear & X-ray · reads
CT (computed tomography) sends X-rays through the patient from many angles and records the fraction of each beam that remains after passing through. From these measurements it reconstructs a map of how strongly each small volume attenuates X-rays, displayed in Hounsfield units. Dual-energy scans can map iodine distribution, and CT perfusion uses time–attenuation curves to estimate cerebral blood volume, cerebral blood flow and mean transit time.
CT uses X-rays to acquire transmission measurements from many angular positions. Each records the fraction of the incident beam remaining after a path through the patient. Reconstruction estimates the spatial distribution of linear attenuation coefficients, displayed in Hounsfield units. Dual-energy CT uses differences in attenuation at two X-ray energy levels to separate materials, producing iodine maps and virtual non-contrast images. CT perfusion derives cerebral blood volume, cerebral blood flow and mean transit time from contrast time–attenuation curves.
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